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1996 Summer Olympics

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"Atlanta 1996" redirects here. For the Summer Paralympics, see 1996 Summer Paralympics.

Games of the XXVI Olympiad
A fire, emitting many different-colored stars, burns from a cauldron represented by the gold-colored Olympic rings and the number "100" acting as the cauldron's stand. The words "Atlanta 1996", also written in gold, are placed underneath. The image is situated on a dark green background, with a gold border.
Emblem of the 1996 Summer Olympics
LocationAtlanta, United States
MottoThe Celebration of the Century
Nations197
Athletes10,318 (6,806 men, 3,512 women)[1]
Events271 in 26 sports (37 disciplines)
OpeningJuly 19, 1996
ClosingAugust 4, 1996
Opened by
President Bill Clinton[2]
Cauldron
Muhammad Ali[2]
StadiumCentennial Olympic Stadium
Summer
Winter
1996 Summer Paralympics
Olympic rings
Part of a series on
1996 Summer Olympics

The 1996 Summer Olympics (officially the Gam


All times are in Eastern Daylight Time (UTC-4); the other, Birmingham, Alabama, uses Central Daylight Time (UTC-5)
OC Opening ceremony ● Event competitions 1 Gold medal events CC Closing ceremony
July/August 1996 July August Events
19th
Fri 		20th
Sat 		21st
Sun 		22nd
Mon 		23rd
Tue 		24th
Wed 		25th
Thu 		26th
Fri 		27th
Sat 		28th
Sun 		29th
Mon 		30th
Tue 		31st
Wed 		1st
Thu 		2nd
Fri 		3rd
Sat 		4th
Sun
Ceremonies OC CC —
Aquatics Diving ● 1 ● 1 ● 1 ● 1 38
Swimming 4 4 5 5 4 5 5
Synchronized swimming ● 1
Water polo ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1
Archery ● ● ● 1 1 2 4
Athletics 2 4 5 8 5 4 6 9 1 44
Badminton ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 4 5
Baseball/Softball
Baseball ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 2
Softball ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1
Basketball ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 2
Boxing ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 6 6 12
Canoeing Slalom 2 2 16
Sprint ● ● ● ● 6 6
Cycling Road cycling 1 1 2 14
Track cycling 1 1 2 4
Mountain biking 2
Equestrian ● ● ● 1 ● 1 ● 1 ● ● 1 1 1 6
Fencing 1 2 2 1 2 2 10
Field hockey ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 2
Football ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 ● 1 2
Gymnastics Artistic ● ● 1 1 1 1 6 4 16
Rhythmic ● 1 ● 1
Handball ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 2
Judo 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 14
Modern pentathlon 1 1
Rowing ● ● ● ● ● ● 7 7 14
Sailing ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 4 1 2 2 1 10
Shooting 2 2 1 2 3 1 3 1 15
Table tennis ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 1 1 4
Tennis ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 2 2 4
Volleyball Beach volleyball ● ● ● ● 1 1 4
Indoor volleyball ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1
Weightlifting 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10
Wrestling ● 5 ● 5 ● 5 ● 5 20
Daily medal events 10 17 12 17 15 12 14 19 28 19 7 17 15 21 30 18 271
Cumulative total 10 27 39 56 71 83 97 116 144 163 170 187 202 223 253 271
July/August 1996 19th
Fri 		20th
Sat 		21st
Sun 		22nd
Mon 		23rd
Tue 		24th
Wed 		25th
Thu 		26th
Fri 		27th
Sat 		28th
Sun 		29th
Mon 		30th
Tue 		31st
Wed 		1st
Thu 		2nd
Fri 		3rd
Sat 		4th
Sun 		Total events
July August

Games

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Opening ceremony

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Main article: 1996 Summer Olympics opening ceremony

The ceremony began with a 60-second countdown, which included footage from all of the previous Olympic Games at twenty-two seconds. There was then a flashback to the closing ceremony of the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona, showing the then president of the IOC, Juan Antonio Samaranch, inviting the athletes to compete in Atlanta in 1996. Then, spirits ascended in the northwest corner of the stadium, each representing one of the colors in the Olympic rings. The spirits called the tribes of the world which, after mixed percussion, formed the Olympic rings while the youth of Atlanta formed the number 100. Famed film score composer John Williams wrote the official overture for the 1996 Olympics, called "Summon the Heroes"; this was his second overture for Olympic games, the first being "Olympic Fanfare and Theme" written for the 1984 Summer Olympics. Céline Dion performed David Foster's official 1996 Olympics song "The Power of the Dream", accompanied by Foster on the piano, the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra and the Centennial Choir (comprising Morehouse College Glee Club, Spelman College Glee Club and the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra Chorus). Gladys Knight sang Georgia's official state song, "Georgia on My Mind".

There was a showcase entitled "Welcome To The World", featuring cheerleaders, Chevrolet pick-up trucks, marching bands, and steppers, which highlighted the American youth and a typical Saturday college football game in the South, including the wave commonly produced by spectators in sporting events around the world. There was another showcase entitled "Summertime" which focused on Atlanta and the Old South, emphasizing its beauty, spirit, music, history, culture, and rebirth after the American Civil War. The ceremony also featured a memorable dance tribute to the athletes and to the goddesses of victory of the ancient Greek Olympics, using silhouette imagery. The accompanying music, "The Tradition of the Games", was composed by Basil Poledouris.[3]

Muhammad Ali lit the Olympic cauldron and later received a replacement gold medal for his boxing victory in the 1960 Summer Olympics. For the torch ceremony, more than 10,000 Olympic torches were manufactured by the American Meter Company and electroplated by Erie Plating Company. Each torch weighed about 3.5 pounds (1.6 kg) and was made primarily of aluminum, with a Georgia pecan wood handle and gold ornamentation.[4][5]

Closing ceremony

[edit]
Main article: 1996 Summer Olympics closing ceremony

Sports

[edit]
Medal designs for the 1996 Olympics

The 1996 Summer Olympic program featured 271 events in 26 sports. Softball, beach volleyball and mountain biking debuted on the Olympic program, together with women's football, lightweight rowing, women's swimming, women's fencing, and a team rhythmic gymnastics event.

1996 Summer Olympics Sports Program

In women's gymnastics, Ukrainian Lilia Podkopayeva became the all-around Olympic champion. Podkopayeva also won a second gold medal in the floor exercise final and a silver on the beam – becoming the only female gymnast since Nadia Comăneci to win an individual event gold after winning the all-around title in the same Olympics. Kerri Strug of the United States women's gymnastics team vaulted with an injured ankle and landed on one foot, winning the first women's team gold medal for the US. Shannon Miller won the gold medal on the balance beam event, the first time an American gymnast had won an individual gold medal in non-boycotted Olympic games. The Spanish team won the first gold medal in the new competition of women's rhythmic group all-around. The team was formed by Estela Giménez, Marta Baldó, Nuria Cabanillas, Lorena Guréndez, Estíbaliz Martínez and Tania Lamarca.

Amy Van Dyken won four gold medals in the Olympic swimming pool, the first American woman to win four titles in a single Olympiad. Penny Heyns, swimmer of South Africa, won the gold medals in both the 100-meter and 200-meter breaststroke events. Michelle Smith of Ireland won three gold medals and a bronze in swimming. She remains her nation's most decorated Olympian. However, her victories were overshadowed by doping allegations even though she did not test positive in 1996. She received a four-year suspension in 1998 for tampering with a urine sample, though her medals and records were allowed to stand.[6][7]

Women's 100 m hurdles at the Olympic stadium

In track and field, Donovan Bailey of Canada won the men's 100 m, setting a new world record of 9.84 seconds at that time.[8] He also anchored his team's gold in the 4 × 100 m relay. Michael Johnson won gold in both the 200 m and 400 m, setting a new world record of 19.32 seconds in the 200 m. Marie-José Pérec equaled Johnson's performance, although without a world record, by winning the rare 200 m/400 m double. Carl Lewis won his 4th long jump gold medal at the age of 35.

Whitewater slalom events at the Ocoee Whitewater Center

In tennis, Andre Agassi won the gold medal, which would eventually make him the first man and second singles player overall (after his eventual wife, Steffi Graf) to win the career Golden Slam, which consists of an Olympic gold medal and victories in the singles tournaments held at professional tennis' four major events (Australian Open, French Open, Wimbledon, and US Open).

The Olympic flag waves at the 1996 Games

There were a series of national firsts realized during the Games. Deon Hemmings became the first woman to win an Olympic gold medal for Jamaica and the English-speaking West Indies. Lee Lai Shan won a gold medal in sailing, the only Olympic medal that Hong Kong ever won as a British colony (1842–1997). This meant that for the only time, the colonial flag of Hong Kong was raised to the accompaniment of the British national anthem "God Save the Queen", as Hong Kong's sovereignty was later transferred to China in 1997. The U.S. women's soccer team won the gold medal in the first-ever women's football event. For the first time, Olympic medals were won by athletes from Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Burundi, Czech Republic, Ecuador, Georgia, Hong Kong, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Mozambique, Slovakia, Tonga, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. Another first in Atlanta was that this was the first Summer Olympics ever that not a single nation swept all three medals in a single event.[citation needed]

Records

[edit]
Main article: World and Olympic records set at the 1996 Summer Olympics

  *   Host nation (United States)

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 United States*443225101
2 Russia26211663
3 Germany20182765
4 China16221250
5 France1571537
6 Italy13101235
7 Australia992341
8 Cuba98825
9 Ukraine921223
10 South Korea715527
Totals (10 entries)168144155467
Participating National Olympic Committees

Number of athletes by National Olympic Committee

[edit]

10,339 athletes from 197 NOCs participated in the 1996 Summer Olympics.

Centennial Olympic Park bombing

[edit]
Main article: Centennial Olympic Park bombing
The marker at the entrance to Centennial Park in downtown Atlanta

The 1996 Olympics were marred by the Centennial Olympic Park bombing, which occurred on July 27. Security guard Richard Jewell discovered the pipe bomb and immediately notified law enforcement, helping to evacuate as many people as possible from the area before it exploded. Although Jewell's quick actions are credited for saving many lives, the bombing killed spectator Alice Hawthorne, wounded 111 others, and caused the death of Melih Uzunyol by a heart attack. Jewell was later considered a suspect in the bombing but was never charged, and he was cleared in October 1996.

Fugitive Eric Rudolph was arrested in May 2003 and charged with the Olympic Park bombing as well as the bombings of two abortion clinics and a gay nightclub.[9] At his trial two years later, he confessed to all charges and afterwards released a statement, saying: "the purpose of the attack on July 27th was to confound, anger and embarrass the Washington government in the eyes of the world for its abominable sanctioning of abortion on demand."[10] He received four life sentences without parole,[9] to be served at USP Florence ADMAX near Florence, Colorado.

Legacy

[edit]
The 1996 Olympic cauldron, designed by Siah Armajani
The Flair Monument, erected in remembrance of the 1996 Games

Preparations for of the Centennial Olympic Park bombing, the Games were a financial success, due in part to TV rights contracts and sponsorships at record levels.[11] Atlanta also set a new record for the most tickets sold at a single Games (8.3 million), and held it until 2024.[12]

Beyond international recognition, the Games resulted in many modern infrastructure improvements. The mid-rise dormitories built for the Olympic Village, which became the first residential housing for Georgia State University (Georgia State Village), are now used by the Georgia Institute of Technology (North Avenue Apartments). As designed, the Centennial Olympic Stadium was converted into Turner Field after the Paralympics, which became the home of the Atlanta Braves Major League Baseball team from 1997 to 2016. The Braves' former home, Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium, was demolished in 1997 and the site became a parking lot for Turner Field; the Omni Coliseum was demolished the same year to make way for State Farm Arena. The city's permanent memorial to the 1996 Olympics is Centennial Olympic Park, which was built as a focal point for the Games. The park initiated a revitalization of the surrounding area and now serves as the hub for Atlanta's tourism district.[11]

In November 2016, a commemorative plaque was unveiled for Centennial Olympic Park to honor the 20th anniversary of the Games.[13][14]

Following the Braves' departure from Turner Field to Truist Park in 2017, Georgia State University acquired the former Olympic Stadium and surrounding parking lots. It reconfigured the stadium for a second time into Center Parc Stadium for its college football team.

The 1996 Olympic cauldron was originally built and placed at the intersection of Fulton Street and Capitol Avenue, near the Centennial Olympic Stadium. After the Paralympics, in order to make room for the stadium conversion, the Olympic cauldron was moved (except its ramp, which was demolished) to the intersection of Capitol Avenue and Fulton Street in 1997, where it has stayed since. Since Georgia State University's acquisition of the former Olympic Stadium and surrounding lots, there has been proposals and growing calls to move the Olympic cauldron to Centennial Olympic Park.[15][16][17]

The Olympic cauldron was re-lit in February 2020 for the 2020 U.S. Olympic Marathon Trials.[18]

The 1996 Olympics are the most recent edition of the Summer Olympics to be held in the United States. Los Angeles will host the 2028 Summer Olympics, 32 years after the Games were held in Atlanta.[19]

Sponsors

[edit]

The 1996 Summer Olympics relied heavily on commercial sponsorship. The Atlanta-based Coca-Cola Company was the exclusive provider of soft drinks at Olympics venues, and built an attraction known as Coca-Cola Olympic City for the Games.[20] As part of a sponsorship agreement with Columbia TriStar Television, the syndicated game shows Jeopardy! and Wheel of Fortune both produced episodes with Olympics tie-ins (including branded memorabilia and contests) for broadcast between April and July 1996. These included a Jeopardy! international tournament, and three weeks of Wheel of Fortune episodes filmed on-location at Atlanta's Fox Theatre.[21][22][23]

The Games were affected by several instances of ambush marketing—in which companies attempt to use the Games as a means to promote their brand, in competition with the exclusive, category-based sponsorship rights issued by the Atlanta organizing committee and the IOC (which grants the rights to use Olympics-related terms and emblems in marketing). The Atlanta organizing committee threatened legal actions against advertisers whose marketing implied an official association with the Games. Several non-sponsors set up marketing activities in areas near venues, such as Samsung (competing with Motorola), which ambushed the Games with its "96 Expo".[24][25] The city of Atlanta had also licensed street vendors to sell products from competitors to Olympic sponsors.[26][27]

The most controversial ambush campaign was undertaken by Nike, Inc., which had begun an advertising campaign with aggressive slogans that mocked the Games' values, such as "Faster, Higher, Stronger, Badder", "If you're not here to win, you're a tourist", and "You don't win silver, you lose gold." The slogans were featured on magazine ads and billboards it purchased in Atlanta.[24] Nike also opened a pop-up store known as the Nike Center near the Athletes' Village, which distributed Nike-branded flags to visitors (presumably to be used at events).[28] IOC marketing director Michael Payne expressed concern for the campaign, believing that athletes could perceive them as being an insult to their accomplishments.[28] Payne and the United States Olympic Committee's marketing director, John Krimsky, met with Howard Slusher, a subordinate of Nike co-founder Phil Knight. The meeting quickly turned aggressive, with Payne warning that the IOC could pull accreditation for Nike employees and ban the display of its logos on equipment; he also threatened to organize a press conference where silver medallists from the Games, as well as prominent Nike-sponsored athlete Michael Johnson (who attracted attention during the Games for wearing custom, gold-colored Nike shoes), would denounce the company. Faced with these threats, Nike agreed to retract most of its negative advertising and public relations stunts.[28]

Reception

[edit]

At the closing ceremony, IOC President Juan Antonio Samaranch said in his closing speech, "Well done, Atlanta" and simply called the Games "most exceptional." This broke precedent for Samaranch, who had traditionally labeled each Games "the best Olympics ever" at each closing ceremony, a practice he resumed at the subsequent Winter Games in Nagano in 1998.[29]

A report prepared after the Games by European Olympic officials was critical of Atlanta's performance in several key areas, including the level of crowding in the Olympic Village, the quality of available food, the accessibility and convenience of transportation, and the Games' general atmosphere of commercialism.[30] IOC vice-president Dick Pound responded to criticism of the commercialization of these Games, stating that they still adhered to a historic policy barring the display of advertising within venues, and that "you have to look to the private sector for at least a portion of the funding, and unless you're looking for handouts, you're dealing with people who are investing business assets, and they have to get a return."[26]

In 1997, Athens was awarded the 2004 Summer Olympics. Along with addressing the shortcomings of its 1996 bid, it was lauded for its efforts to promote the traditional values of the Olympic Games, which some IOC observers felt had been lost due to the over-commercialization of the 1996 Games. However, the 2004 Games heavily relied on public funding and eventually failed to make a profit, which some have claimed contributed to the financial crisis in Greece.[31][32][33]

The financial struggles faced by many later Games, such as the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin and the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, have caused some to offer more positive reappraisals of the management of the 1996 Summer Games. Former JPMorgan Chase president (and torchbearer) Kabir Sehgal noted that in contrast to many later Olympics, those of 1996 were financially viable, had a positive economic impact on the city, and most of the facilities constructed continued to be used after the Games. Sehgal contrasted the 1996 Games' "grassroots" effort backed almost entirely by private funding, with the only significant public spending coming from infrastructure associated with the Games, to modern "top-down" bids, instigated by local governments and reliant on taxpayer funding, making them unpopular among citizens who may not necessarily be interested.[34] The 2028 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles will rely almost entirely on private funding, with the city of Los Angeles and state of California each intending to provide up to $250 million in funding in the event of shortfalls, and the U.S. federal government providing funding solely for security.[35][36][37]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
Archives at
LocationGeorgia Institute of Technology Archives & Special Collections Edit this on Wikidata
IdentifiersUA063 Edit this on Wikidata
SourceOlympic/Paralympic Planning Office Records
How to use archival material
  1. ^ "Unity in diversity". International Olympic Committee. January 3, 2024.
  2. ^ a b "Factsheet - Opening Ceremony of the Games of the Olympiad" (PDF) (Press release). International Olympic Committee. October 9, 2014. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 14, 2016. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
  3. ^ "Basil Poledouris Biography". Basil Poledouris website. Archived from the original on February 20, 2008. Retrieved February 19, 2008.
  4. ^ Erie Times-News, "Erie Company's Olympic Work Shines", June 10, 1996, by Greg Lavine
  5. ^ Plating and Surface Finishing Magazine, August 1996 Issue
  6. ^ Lohn, John (July 10, 2021). "The Con of Michelle Smith: How the Irish Lass Cheated the Swimming World". Swimming World Magazine. Archived from the original on May 18, 2021. Retrieved August 25, 2021.
  7. ^ Watterson, John (May 7, 2020). "Sporting Controversies: Irish mist descends upon Michelle Smith's fairytale". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved August 25, 2021.
  8. ^ Zurowski, Monica (July 27, 2021). "From the Archives: Sprinter Donovan Bailey dazzled in Olympics 25 years ago". Calgary Herald. Retrieved March 31, 2024.
  9. ^ a b "Profile: Eric Rudolph". BBC News. April 14, 2005. Retrieved April 9, 2021.
  10. ^ Cummings, Denis (July 27, 2011). "On This Day: Bomb Explodes in Atlanta's Olympic Park". findingdulcinea.com. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
  11. ^ a b Glanton, Dahleen (September 21, 2009). "Olympics' impact on Atlanta still subject to debate". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on February 5, 2012. Retrieved July 14, 2012.
  12. ^ "Largest attendance at an Olympic Games". Guinness World Records. Retrieved August 9, 2024.
  13. ^ Vejnoska, Jill (November 1, 2016). "New historic marker for 1996 Games unveiled in Centennial Olympic Park". Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on November 2, 2016. Retrieved November 26, 2018.
  14. ^ "Historical Marker planted for 1996 Centennial Olympic Games". Atlanta Business Chronicle. November 2, 2016. Retrieved November 26, 2018.
  15. ^ Kahn, Michael (August 15, 2016). "Atlanta's Olympic cauldron relocation floated five years ago; went nowhere". Curbed Atlanta. Retrieved February 15, 2024.
  16. ^ "Atlanta Cauldron Facing Possible Relocation". www.infobae.com. July 12, 2021. Retrieved February 15, 2024.
  17. ^ "Qianyu Liu | RISD Museum Publications". publications.risdmuseum.org. Retrieved February 15, 2024.
  18. ^ Kueppers, Courtney. "Atlanta's Olympic Cauldron to be lit this weekend for first time since 1996". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved February 15, 2024 – via AJC.com.
  19. ^ Wharton, David (September 13, 2017). "L.A. officially awarded 2028 Olympic Games". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on September 20, 2017. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
  20. ^ Collins, Glenn (March 28, 1996). "Coke's Hometown Olympics;The Company Tries the Big Blitz on Its Own Turf". New York Times. Retrieved November 3, 2013.
  21. ^ "Atlanta spinning 'Wheel' for sponsorship fortune". Washington Post. March 16, 1996. Retrieved April 17, 2019.
  22. ^ "THAT 'WHEEL OF FORTUNE' JUST KEEPS SPINNING ALONG". Deseret News. October 16, 1995. Retrieved April 17, 2019.
  23. ^ Winship, Frederick M. (January 24, 1995). "Game shows join 1996 Olympic games". United Press International. Archived from the original on August 29, 2020.
  24. ^ a b Heath, Thomas (July 17, 1996). "An Olympic-Size Ambush". Washington Post. Retrieved November 26, 2018.
  25. ^ "Samsung's Expo Gives It Olympic Exposure / And BellSouth is putting out COWS". SFGate. July 2, 1996. Retrieved November 27, 2018.
  26. ^ a b "McGill's master of the rings". McGill Reporter. September 12, 1996. Retrieved November 28, 2018.
  27. ^ Leuty, Ron (November 4, 2001). "Olympic bid smacks into $10M hurdle". San Francisco Business Times. Retrieved November 28, 2018.
  28. ^ a b c Emmett, James (June 16, 2010). "Rise of the pseudo-sponsors: A history of ambush marketing". SportPro. Archived from the original on January 3, 2015. Retrieved January 3, 2015.
  29. ^ "Samaranch calls these Olympics 'best ever'". ESPN.com. October 1, 2000. Retrieved March 13, 2009.
  30. ^ "Olympic Games: Maligned Atlanta meets targets". The Independent. United Kingdom. November 15, 1996. Archived from the original on January 30, 2012. Retrieved October 25, 2010.
  31. ^ "Did 2004 Olympics Spark Greek Financial Crisis?". CNBC. Associated Press. June 3, 2010.
  32. ^ Longman, Jere (September 6, 1997). "Athens Wins a Vote for Tradition, and the 2004 Olympics". The New York Times. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  33. ^ Anderson, Dave (September 7, 1997). "Athens Can Thank Atlanta for 2004 Games". New York Times. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  34. ^ "What Rio Should Have Learned From Atlanta's 1996 Summer Olympics". Fortune. Retrieved March 20, 2019.
  35. ^ Wharton, David (April 30, 2019). "Estimated cost of 2028 Los Angeles Olympics jumps to $6.9 billion". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on June 27, 2019. Retrieved June 29, 2019.
  36. ^ "Update on Los Angeles' Bid for the 2024 Olympics". California Legislative Analyst's Office. March 23, 2017. Archived from the original on June 1, 2019. Retrieved June 18, 2020.
  37. ^ "President Trump confirms government will assist L.A. during 2028 Olympics". Los Angeles Times. February 2020. Archived from the original on February 6, 2022. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1996 Summer Olympics.
External videos
video icon The Atlanta 1996 Olympic Film on YouTube
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