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List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa

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This is a list of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa. It includes fully recognised states, states with limited or zero recognition, and dependent territories of both African and non-African states. It lists 56 sovereign states (54 of which are member states of the United Nations), two non-sovereign (dependent) territories of non-African sovereign states, and nine sub-national regions of non-African sovereign states. Malta and parts of France, Italy, Portugal, and Spain are located on the African continental plate, some considerably closer to the African mainland than the European mainland but, politically, are generally considered to be European by convention. Egypt, although extending into Asia through the Sinai Peninsula, is considered an African state.

Sovereign states

[edit]

Recognised sovereign states

[edit]

The following 54 fully recognised states are all members of the United Nations[1] and the African Union.[2][3][4][5]

Flag Map English short, formal names, and ISO
[6][7][8][9]
Domestic short and formal name(s)
[6][7]
Capital
[8][10][11]
Population 2021
[12][13]
Area[a][b]
[14]
Currency
[8]
Flag of Algeria
Algeria

People's Democratic Republic of Algeria

DZA
Arabic: الجزائر—الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية
(Al Jazāʼir—Al Jumhūriyyah al Jazāʾiriyyah ad Dimuqrāṭiyyah ash Shaʾbiyyah)
Algiers

Arabic: الجزائر
(Al Jazā’ir)
44,177,969 2,381,740 km2 (919,595 sq mi) Algerian dinar
Angola

Republic of Angola

AGO
Portuguese: Angola—República de Angola Luanda

Portuguese: Luanda
34,503,774 1,246,700 km2 (481,354 sq mi) kwanza
Benin

Republic of Benin

BEN
French: Bénin—République du Bénin Porto-Novo

French: Porto-Novo
12,996,895 112,622 km2 (43,484 sq mi) CFA franc
Botswana

Republic of Botswana

BWA
English: Botswana—Republic of Botswana

Tswana: Botswana—Lefatshe la Botswana
Gaborone

English: Gaborone

Tswana: Gaborone
2,588,423 581,726 km2 (224,606 sq mi) pula
Burkina Faso

People's Republic of Burkina Faso
BFA

French: Burkina Faso Ouagadougou

French: Ouagadougou
22,100,683 274,000 km2 (105,792 sq mi) CFA franc
Burundi

Republic of Burundi

BDI
French: Burundi—République du Burundi

Kirundi: Burundi—Republika y'u Burundi
Gitega

French: Gitega

Kirundi: Gitega

12,551,213 27,830 km2 (10,745 sq mi) Burundi franc
Cameroon

Republic of Cameroon

CMR
English: Cameroon—Republic of Cameroon

French: Cameroun—République du Cameroun
Yaoundé

English: Yaoundé

French: Yaoundé
27,198,628 475,442 km2 (183,569 sq mi) includes the Cameroonian-administered parts of Southern Cameroons, which is claimed by the Southern Cameroons Peoples Organisation as the Republic of Ambazonia CFA franc
Cape Verde

Republic of Cabo Verde

CPV
Portuguese: Cabo Verde—República de Cabo Verde Praia

Portuguese: Praia
587,925 4,033 km2 (1,557 sq mi) Cape Verdean escudo
Central African Republic

CAF
Sango: Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka

French: République centrafricaine
Bangui

Sango: Bangî

French: Bangui
5,457,154 622,984 km2 (240,535 sq mi) CFA franc
Chad

Republic of Chad

TCD
Arabic: تشاد—جمهورية تشاد
(Tshād—Jumhūriyyat Tshād)

French: Tchad—République du Tchad
N'Djamena

Arabic: نجامينا (Nijāmīnā)

French: N'Djaména
17,179,740 1,284,000 km2 (495,755 sq mi) CFA franc
Comoros

Union of the Comoros

COM
Arabic: جزرالقمر—جمهورية القمرالمتحدة
(Juzur al Qamar—Jumhūriyyat al Qamar al Muttaḥidah)

Comorian: Komori—Udzima wa

Komori

French: Comores—Union des Comores

Moroni

Arabic: موروني (Mūrūnī)

French: Moroni
821,625 2,235 km2 (863 sq mi) Comorian franc
Democratic Republic of the Congo[n 1]

COD
French: République démocratique du Congo Kinshasa

French: Kinshasa
95,894,118 2,344,858 km2 (905,355 sq mi) Congolese franc
Republic of the Congo[n 2]

COG
French: République du Congo Brazzaville

French: Brazzaville
5,835,806 342,000 km2 (132,047 sq mi) CFA franc
Djibouti

Republic of Djibouti

DJI
Arabic: جيبوتي—جمهورية جيبوتي
(Jibūti—Jumhūrīyat Jibūti)

French: Djibouti—République de Djibouti
Djibouti

Arabic: مدينة جيبوتي (Jibūti Madīna)

French: Ville de Djibouti
1,105,557 23,200 km2 (8,958 sq mi) Djibouti franc
Egypt

Arab Republic of Egypt[n 3]

EGY
Arabic: مصر—جمهورية مصر العربية(Miṣr—Jumhūrīyat Miṣr al ʿArabiyyah) Cairo

Arabic: القاهرة (al Qāhirah)
109,262,178 1,001,449 km2 (386,662 sq mi) Egyptian pound
Equatorial Guinea

Republic of Equatorial Guinea

GNQ
Spanish: Guinea Ecuatorial—República de Guinea Ecuatorial

French: Guinée équatoriale—République de Guinée équatoriale

Portuguese: Guiné Equatorial—República da Guiné Equatorial

Malabo[n 4]

Spanish: Malabo

French: Malabo

Portuguese: Malabo

1,634,466 28,051 km2 (10,831 sq mi) CFA franc
Eritrea

State of Eritrea

ERI
Arabic: إرتريا—دولة إرتريا
(ʾIritriyā—Dawlat ʾIritriyā)

English: Eritrea—State of Eritrea

Tigrinya: ኤርትራ—ሃገረ ኤርትራ
(ʾErtra—Hagere ʾErtra)
Asmara

Arabic: أسمرة (ʾAsmara)

English: Asmara

Tigrinya: ኣስመራ
(Asmera)
3,620,312 117,600 km2 (45,406 sq mi) nakfa
Eswatini

Kingdom of Eswatini

SWZ
English: Eswatini—Kingdom of Eswatini

Swazi: eSwatini—Umbuso weSwatini
Lobamba (royal and legislative)
Mbabane (administrative)

English: Lobamba, Mbabane

Swazi: Lobamba, ÉMbábáne
1,192,271 17,364 km2 (6,704 sq mi) lilangeni
Ethiopia

Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

ETH
Amharic: Iትዮጵያ—የIትዮጵያ ፈደራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ
(Ītyōṗṗyā—Ītyōṗṗyā Fēdēralāwī Dēmōkrāsīyāwī Rīpeblīk)
Addis Ababa

Amharic: አዲስ አበባ (Addis Abäba)
120,283,026 1,104,300 km2 (426,373 sq mi) Ethiopian birr
Gabon

Gabonese Republic

GAB
French: Gabon—République gabonaise Libreville

French: Libreville
2,341,179 267,668 km2 (103,347 sq mi) CFA franc
The Gambia

Republic of the Gambia

GMB
English: The Gambia—Republic of the Gambia Banjul

English: Banjul
2,639,916 10,380 km2 (4,008 sq mi) dalasi
Ghana

Republic of Ghana

GHA
English: Ghana—Republic of Ghana Accra

English: Accra
32,833,031 238,534 km2 (92,098 sq mi) Ghana cedi
Guinea[n 5]

Republic of Guinea

GIN
French: Guinée—République de Guinée Conakry

French: Conakry
13,531,906 245,857 km2 (94,926 sq mi) Guinean franc
Guinea-Bissau

Republic of Guinea-Bissau

GNB
Portuguese: Guiné-Bissau—República da Guiné-Bissau Bissau

Portuguese: Bissau
2,060,721 36,125 km2 (13,948 sq mi) CFA franc
Ivory Coast

Republic of Côte d'Ivoire

CIV
French: Côte d'Ivoire—République de Côte d'Ivoire Yamoussoukro

French: Yamoussoukro
27,478,249 322,460 km2 (124,503 sq mi) CFA franc
Kenya

Republic of Kenya

KEN
English: Kenya—Republic of Kenya

Swahili: Kenya—Jamhuri ya Kenya
Nairobi

English: Nairobi

Swahili: Nairobi
53,005,614 580,367 km2 (224,081 sq mi) Kenyan shilling
Lesotho

Kingdom of Lesotho

LSO
English: Lesotho—Kingdom of Lesotho

Sotho: Lesotho—Muso oa Lesotho
Maseru

English: Maseru

Sotho: Maseru
2,281,454 30,355 km2 (11,720 sq mi) loti
Liberia

Republic of Liberia

LBR
English: Liberia—Republic of Liberia Monrovia

English: Monrovia
5,193,416 111,369 km2 (43,000 sq mi) Liberian dollar
Libya

State of Libya

LBY
Arabic: ليبيا—دولة ليبيا (Lībīyā)

Berber: ⵍⵉⴱⵢⴰ (Libya)
Tripoli

Arabic: طرابلس (Ṭarābulus)

Berber: ⵟⵔⴰⴱⵍⴻⵙ (Ṭrables)
6,735,277 1,759,540 km2 (679,362 sq mi) Libyan dinar
Madagascar

Republic of Madagascar

MDG
French: Madagascar—République de Madagascar

Malagasy: Madagasikara—Repoblikan'i Madagasikara
Antananarivo

French: Antananarivo

Malagasy: Antananarivo
28,915,653 587,041 km2 (226,658 sq mi) ariary
Malawi

Republic of Malawi

MWI
Chichewa: Malaŵi—Dziko la Malaŵi

English: Malawi—Republic of Malawi
Lilongwe

Chichewa: Lilongwe

English: Lilongwe
19,889,742 118,484 km2 (45,747 sq mi) Malawian kwacha
Mali

Republic of Mali

MLI
French: Mali—République du Mali Bamako

French: Bamako
21,904,983 1,240,192 km2 (478,841 sq mi) CFA franc
Mauritania

Islamic Republic of Mauritania

MRT
Arabic: موريتانيا—الجمهورية الإسلامية الموريتانية
(Mūrītānīyyā—Al Jumhūriyyah alʾIslāmiyyah al Mūrītānīyyah)
Nouakchott

Arabic: نواكشوط (Nuwākshūṭ)
4,614,974 1,030,700 km2 (397,955 sq mi) ouguiya
Mauritius

Republic of Mauritius

MUS
English: Mauritius—Republic of Mauritius

French: Maurice—République de Maurice

Mauritian Creole: Moris—Repiblik Moris
Port Louis

English: Port Louis

French: Port-Louis

Mauritian Creole: Porlwi
1,298,915 2,040 km2 (788 sq mi) Mauritian rupee
Morocco

Kingdom of Morocco

MAR
Arabic: المغرب—المملكة المغربية
(Al Maḡrib—Al Mamlakah al Maḡribiyyah)

Berber: ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⴰⵖⵔⵉⴱ (Elmaġrib—Tageldit n-Elmaġrib)
Rabat

Arabic: الرباط (ar-Ribaaṭ)

Berber: ⴰⵕⴱⴰⵟ (Aṛbaṭ)
37,076,584 446,550 km2 (172,414 sq mi) excludes all disputed territories

710,850 km2 (274,461 sq mi) includes the Moroccan-administered parts of Western Sahara, which is claimed by the Polisario Front as the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
Moroccan dirham
Mozambique

Republic of Mozambique

MOZ
Portuguese: Moçambique—República de Moçambique Maputo

Portuguese: Maputo
32,077,072 801,590 km2 (309,496 sq mi) metical
Namibia

Republic of Namibia

NAM
English: Namibia—Republic of Namibia Windhoek

English: Windhoek
2,530,151 825,418 km2 (318,696 sq mi) Namibian dollar
Niger

Republic of the Niger

NER
French: Niger—République du Niger Niamey

French: Niamey
25,252,722 1,267,000 km2 (489,191 sq mi) CFA franc
Nigeria

Federal Republic of Nigeria

NGA
English: Nigeria—Federal Republic of Nigeria Abuja

English: Abuja
213,401,323 923,768 km2 (356,669 sq mi) naira
Rwanda

Republic of Rwanda

RWA
English: Rwanda—Republic of Rwanda

French: Rwanda—République du Rwanda

Kinyarwanda: Rwanda—Repubulika y'u Rwanda
Kigali

English: Kigali

French: Kigali

Kinyarwanda: Kigali
13,461,888 26,798 km2 (10,347 sq mi) Rwandese franc
São Tomé and Príncipe

Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe

STP
Portuguese: São Tomé e Príncipe—República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe São Tomé

Portuguese: São Tomé
223,107 964 km2 (372 sq mi) Dobra
Senegal

Republic of Senegal

SEN
French: Sénégal—République du Sénégal Dakar

French: Dakar
16,876,720 196,723 km2 (75,955 sq mi) CFA franc
Seychelles

Republic of Seychelles

SYC
English: Seychelles—Republic of Seychelles

French: Seychelles—République des Seychelles

Seychellois Creole: Sesel—Repiblik Sesel
Victoria

English: Victoria

French: Victoria

Seychellois Creole: Victoria
106,471 451 km2 (174 sq mi) Seychelles rupee
Sierra Leone

Republic of Sierra Leone

SLE
English: Sierra Leone—Republic of Sierra Leone Freetown

English: Freetown
8,420,641 71,740 km2 (27,699 sq mi) leone
Somalia

Federal Republic of Somalia

SOM
Arabic: الصومال—جمهورية الصومال الفيدرالية
(Aṣ Ṣūmāl—Jumhūriyyah aṣ Ṣūmāl al Fīdrāliyyah)

Somali: Soomaaliya—Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya
Mogadishu

Arabic: مقديشو (Maqadīshū)

Somali: Muqdisho
17,065,581 637,657 km2 (246,201 sq mi) Somali shilling
South Africa

Republic of South Africa

ZAF
Afrikaans: Suid-Afrika—Republiek van Suid-Afrika
10 other official names
  • English: South Africa—Republic of South Africa
    Tsonga: Afrika Dzonga—Riphabliki ra Afrika Dzonga
    Tswana: Aforika Borwa—Rephaboliki ya Aforika Borwa
    Southern Ndebele: Sewula Afrika—iRiphabliki yeSewula Afrika
    Northern Sotho: Afrika-Borwa—Repabliki ya Afrika-Borwa
    (Southern) Sotho: Afrika Borwa—Rephaboliki ya Afrika Borwa
    Swati: Ningizimu Afrika—iRiphabhulikhi yeNingizimu Afrika
    Venda: Afurika Tshipembe—Riphabuḽiki ya Afurika Tshipembe
    Xhosa: uMzantsi Afrika—iRiphabliki yomZantsi Afrika
    Zulu: Ningizimu Afrika—iRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika
Bloemfontein (judicial),
Cape Town (legislative),
and Pretoria (executive)
59,392,255 1,221,037 km2 (471,445 sq mi) rand
South Sudan

Republic of South Sudan

SSD
English: South Sudan—Republic of South Sudan Juba

English: Juba
10,748,272 644,329 km2 (248,777 sq mi) South Sudanese pound
Sudan

Republic of the Sudan

SDN
Arabic: السودان—جمهورية السودان
(As Sūdān—Jumhūriyyah as Sūdān)

English: SudanRepublic of the Sudan
Khartoum

Arabic: الخرطوم (Al Khurṭūm)

English: Khartoum
45,657,202 1,861,484 km2 (718,723 sq mi) Sudanese pound
Tanzania

United Republic of Tanzania

TZA
English: Tanzania—United Republic of Tanzania

Swahili: Tanzania—Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania
Dodoma (official)
Dar es Salaam (seat of government)

English: Dodoma

Swahili: Dodoma
63,588,334 945,203 km2 (364,945 sq mi) Tanzanian shilling
Togo

Togolese Republic

TGO
French: Togo—République Togolaise Lomé

French: Lomé
8,644,829 56,785 km2 (21,925 sq mi) CFA franc
Tunisia

Republic of Tunisia

TUN
Arabic: تونس—الجمهورية التونسية
(Tūnis—Al Jumhūriyyah at Tūnisīyyah)
Tunis

Arabic: تونس (Tūnis)
12,262,946 163,610 km2 (63,170 sq mi) Tunisian dinar
Uganda

Republic of Uganda

UGA
English: Uganda—Republic of Uganda

Swahili: Uganda—Jamhuri ya Uganda
Kampala

English: Kampala

Swahili: Kampala
45,853,778 236,040 km2 (91,136 sq mi) Ugandan shilling
Zambia

Republic of Zambia

ZMB
English: Zambia—Republic of Zambia Lusaka

English: Lusaka
19,473,125 752,614 km2 (290,586 sq mi) Zambian kwacha
Zimbabwe

Republic of Zimbabwe

ZWE
English: Zimbabwe—Republic of Zimbabwe Harare

English: Harare
15,993,524 390,757 km2 (150,872 sq mi) Zimbabwe dollar

Sovereign states with limited or no international recognition

[edit]

The following two entities have declared themselves to be sovereign states and are in control of some territory but have limited or no recognition from other states. Neither entity is a member state of the United Nations, although the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic is a member of the African Union.

Flag Map English short, formal names, and ISO Status Domestic short name(s)
and
formal name(s)
Capital Population Area Currency
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic[n 6] Claimed by Morocco as its southernmost provinces

Recognized by the African Union and 46 UN members and South Ossetia as the representative government of Western Sahara
Arabic: الجمهورية العربية الصحراوية الديمقراطية
(Al Jumhūrīyah al ‘Arabīyah aṣ Ṣaḥrāwīyah ad Dīmuqrāṭīyah)

Spanish: República Árabe Saharaui Democrática
El Aaiún (proclaimed)[n 7]

Arabic: العيون (AlʿUyūn)

Spanish: El Aaiún
582,478 267,405 km2 (103,246 sq mi) Sahrawi peseta
Somaliland

Republic of Somaliland[15][16]
State not controlled by Somalia[17]

Recognized by no UN member,[18][19] only by Taiwan
Arabic: أرض الصومال—جمهورية أرض الصومال
(Arḍ aṣ Ṣūmāl—Jumhūrīyat Arḍ aṣ Ṣūmāl)

Somali: Soomaaliland—Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliland
Hargeisa

Arabic: هرجيسا (Harjaysā)

Somali: Hargeysa
4,000,000 176,120 km2 (68,000 sq mi) Somaliland shilling

Non-sovereign territories

[edit]

There are currently 11 non-sovereign territories in Africa. Except two Spanish autonomous cities and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, all the remaining territories are islands off the continent's coast.

Dependent territories

[edit]
Flag Map English short, formal names, and ISO Ruling power Status[20] Domestic short name
and
formal name
Capital Population Area[14] Currency
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

SH
 United Kingdom British Overseas Territory English: Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha Jamestown 5,633 420 km2 (162 sq mi) Saint Helena pound (Saint Helena & Ascension)
Pound sterling (Tristan da Cunha)
French Southern and Antarctic Lands[n 8]

FR-TF
 France Overseas territory of France French: Terres australes et antarctiques françaises Saint Pierre[n 9] No permanent population[21] 38.60 km2 (15 sq mi) euro

Other territories

[edit]

This list contains nine territories that are administered as incorporated areas of a primarily non-African country.

Flag Map English short, formal names, and ISO Ruling power Status[20] Domestic short name(s)
and
formal name(s)
Capital Population Area[14] Currency
Canary Islands

Autonomous Region of the Canary Islands

ES-CN
 Spain Autonomous community of Spain Spanish: Islas Canarias Santa Cruz and Las Palmas[22]

Spanish: Santa Cruz de Tenerife and Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
2,207,225 7,447 km2 (2,875 sq mi) euro
Ceuta

Autonomous City of Ceuta

ES-CE
Autonomous city of Spain Spanish: Ceuta—Ciudad autónoma de Ceuta Ceuta

Spanish: Ceuta
84,843 28 km2 (11 sq mi) euro
Madeira

Autonomous Region of Madeira

PT-30
 Portugal Autonomous Region of Portugal Portuguese: Madeira—Região Autónoma da Madeira Funchal

Portuguese: Funchal
267,785 828 km2 (320 sq mi) euro
Mayotte

Mayotte Region

YT
 France Overseas region and constituent part of the French Republic French: Mayotte—Région Mayotte Dzaoudzi (official)
Mamoudzou (seat of prefect and departmental council)

French: Mamoudzou
266,380 374 km2 (144 sq mi) euro
Melilla

Autonomous City of Melilla

ES-ML
 Spain Autonomous city of Spain Spanish: Melilla—Ciudad autónoma de Melilla Melilla

Spanish: Melilla
84,714 20 km2 (8 sq mi) euro
Pelagie Islands

 Italy Archipelago of Italy Italian: Isole Pelagie

Sicilian: Ìsuli Pilaggî
Lampedusa e Linosa[n 10]

Italian: Lampedusa e Linosa

Sicilian: Lampidusa e Linusa
6,304 21.4 km2 (8 sq mi) euro
Plazas de soberanía

 Spain Overseas territory of Spain Spanish: Plazas de soberanía N/A 74 0.59 km2 (0.23 sq mi) euro
Reunion

Reunion Region

RE
 France Overseas region and constituent part of the French Republic French: Réunion—Région Réunion Saint-Denis

French: Saint-Denis
889,918 2,512 km2 (970 sq mi) euro
Socotra Archipelago

 Yemen Governorate of Yemen Arabic: أرخبيل سقطرى
(ʾArḫabīl Suquṭrā)
Hadibu

Arabic: اديبو (Ḥādībū)
60,550 3,974.64 km2 (1,535 sq mi) Yemeni rial

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Also known as Congo-Kinshasa and formerly as Zaire.
  2. ^ Also known as Congo-Brazzaville.
  3. ^ Some territory could be argued to be a part of Asia or Africa.
  4. ^ Ciudad de la Paz is to be the future capital of Equatorial Guinea; currently under construction.
  5. ^ Also known as Guinea-Conakry to distinguish it from neighboring Guinea-Bissau.
  6. ^ Occupies part of the territory of Western Sahara, disputed with Morocco.
  7. ^ Currently under Moroccan administration. Tifariti is the factual temporary capital, but Tindouf located in Algeria is the place of some government and military facilities.
  8. ^ Only the Îles Éparses are considered part of the African continent. The remaining four districts lie outside the continental shelf in the Indian Ocean or Antarctica.
  9. ^ The main station on the Îles Éparses is on Tromelin. The headquarters of the district chief, however, is Saint Pierre, in Réunion.
  10. ^ Geographically part of the archipelago (Lampedusa and Lampione) belongs to the African continent; politically and administratively, the islands fall within the Province of Agrigento in Sicily

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Member States". United Nations. Archived from the original on 7 February 2011. Retrieved 28 July 2011.
  2. ^ "Member States". African Union. Archived from the original on 9 January 2015. Retrieved 15 July 2013.
  3. ^ "African Union Welcomes South Sudan as the 54th Member State of the Union". StarAfrica.com. 27 July 2011. Archived from the original on 23 December 2011. Retrieved 28 July 2011.
  4. ^ "African Union suspends Central African Republic after coup". Los Angeles Times. 25 March 2013. Archived from the original on 31 December 2014. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
  5. ^ "Africa Population (LIVE)". www.worldometers.info. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
  6. ^ a b "Field Listing :: Names". CIA. Archived from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
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