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Baseball World Cup

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Baseball World Cup
Most recent season or competition:
2011 Baseball World Cup
The John Moores Trophy awarded in 1938
SportBaseball
Founded1938
Ceased2011
No. of teams16 (in 2011)
ContinentInternational
Last
champion(s)
 Netherlands
Most titles Cuba (25 titles)

The Baseball World Cup (BWC) was an international baseball tournament for national teams around the world, sanctioned by the International Baseball Federation (IBAF). First held in 1938 as the Amateur World Series (AWS), it was, for most of its history, the highest level of international baseball competition in the world. Even after it was supplanted in this regard in 2006 by the modern World Baseball Classic (WBC), the Baseball World Cup was still considered by the IBAF to be a major world championship, along with the WBC and the Summer Olympic Games.[1][2]

After the 2011 tournament, the Baseball World Cup was discontinued in favor of an expanded World Baseball Classic; the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC) – successor to the IBAF – now organizes the WBC and awards its winner the title of "World Champion."[3] Additionally, the WBSC sanctions two new tournaments: the biennial 23U Baseball World Cup (begun as the 21U Baseball World Cup in 2014) and its quadrennial, flagship tournament, the WBSC Premier12 (starting in 2015), which involves the twelve best-ranked national teams in the world.[4]

History

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The Baseball World Cup was held 38 times; the final one was in 2011 in Panama. The first tournament, held in 1938, featured only two teams, but the last tournament included 22 participants; the previous two featured 16 and 18 teams (in 2007 and 2005, respectively). The World Cup was originally called the Amateur World Series, until the tournament in 1988.

The idea of a baseball competition for national teams was championed by International Baseball Federation (IBF) president Leslie Mann. After managing to include baseball as a demonstration sport at the 1936 Berlin Olympics, Mann sought to organize an international tournament in 1937 between the national teams of the United States and Japan; this plan was derailed by the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War that same year.[5] Instead, Mann wrote to John Moores, president of the British National Baseball Association (the precursor to the modern British Baseball Federation) to organize a tournament between the U.S. and Great Britain teams. The 1938 "John Moores Cup," as it was originally called, would be retroactively recognized as the first Amateur World Series.[6]

Mann, along with Cuban sports administrator Jaime Mariné, helped turn the Amateur World Series into an annual event in 1939, this time held in Cuba.[7][8] The first and second tournaments featured only two and three national teams, respectively, but seven participants were invited to the 1940 edition and the pool would only expand from there.

Lourdes Gurriel at the 1986 AWS

For much of its early existence, the competition was limited to the nations of Central America and the Caribbean; the United States withdrew early from the 1942 series, and would not return until 1969. The next edition, in 1970, saw two European national teams (Italy and the Netherlands) participate for the first time; in 1972, Japan became the first Asian country to participate in the global baseball tournament.

Until 1998 the competition was limited to strictly amateur players. After 1998, professional minor league players competed, but Major League Baseball did not allow its players to participate. In the months leading up to the high-profile first World Baseball Classic in 2006, many commentators heralded it as a "Baseball World Cup", perhaps not realizing that a tournament of that description already existed and had for almost seventy years.

However, the 2006 World Baseball Classic was the first international baseball tournament to include active players from the top-level major leagues around the world — namely Major League Baseball and Nippon Professional Baseball — making it a closer equivalent to the world cups of other sports, which commonly include players from the most prestigious professional leagues, than to the mostly-amateur Baseball World Cup.

Trophy

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The champions of the first several Amateur World Series tournaments were presented the John Moores Trophy, named in honor of John Moores, a sponsor of the British Baseball Federation and future Everton F.C. executive.[9] Like the Stanley Cup, it was a single trophy passed from winner to winner, with the names of the world champions engraved; however, only the winners of the 1938, 1939, and 1940 editions are engraved (England and Cuba); the United States withdrew from the AWS in 1942, and the trophy was apparently not awarded after that.[10][11][a]

When Jaime Mariné succeeded Leslie Mann as president of the IBF during the 1940 Amateur World Series, he renamed the trophy the Copa Presidente Batista, after Fulgencio Batista, the president of Cuba.[12] Mariné had participated in the Cuban Revolution of 1933 that brought Batista to power and had organized the dictator's Military Intelligence Service in 1935.[13]

Tournament results

[edit]
Year Final Host Final four Number of teams
Champions Runners-up 3rd place 4th place
Amateur World Series
1938
Details
United Kingdom
Great Britain

Great Britain

United States
2
1939
Details
Cuba
Cuba

Cuba

Nicaragua

United States
3
1940
Details
Cuba
Cuba

Cuba

Nicaragua

United States

Venezuela
7
1941
Details
Cuba
Cuba

Venezuela

Cuba

Mexico

Panama
9
1942
Details
Cuba
Cuba

Cuba

Dominican Republic

Venezuela

Mexico
5
1943
Details
Cuba
Cuba

Cuba

Mexico

Dominican Republic

Panama
4
1944
Details
Venezuela
Venezuela

Venezuela

Mexico

Cuba

Panama
8
1945
Details
Venezuela
Venezuela

Venezuela

Colombia

Panama

Nicaragua
6
1947
Details
Colombia
Colombia

Colombia

Puerto Rico

Nicaragua

Mexico
9
1948
Details
Nicaragua
Nicaragua

Dominican Republic

Puerto Rico

Colombia

Mexico
8
1950
Details
Nicaragua
Nicaragua

Cuba

Dominican Republic

Venezuela

Panama
12
1951
Details
Mexico
Mexico

Puerto Rico

Venezuela

Cuba

Dominican Republic
11
1952
Details
Cuba
Cuba

Cuba

Dominican Republic

Puerto Rico

Panama
13
1953
Details
Venezuela
Venezuela

Cuba

Venezuela

Nicaragua

Dominican Republic
11
1961
Details
Costa Rica
Costa Rica

Cuba

Mexico

Venezuela

Panama
10
1965
Details
Colombia
Colombia

Colombia

Mexico

Puerto Rico

Panama
9
1969
Details
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic

Cuba

United States

Dominican Republic

Venezuela
11
1970
Details
Colombia
Colombia

Cuba

United States

Puerto Rico

Colombia
12
1971
Details
Cuba
Cuba

Cuba

Colombia

Nicaragua

Puerto Rico
10
1972
Details
Nicaragua
Nicaragua

Cuba

United States

Nicaragua

Japan
16
1973
Details
Cuba
Cuba

Cuba

Puerto Rico

Venezuela

Dominican Republic
8
1973
Details
Nicaragua
Nicaragua

United States

Nicaragua

Puerto Rico

Colombia
11
1974
Details
United States
United States

United States

Nicaragua

Colombia

Dominican Republic
9
1976
Details
Colombia
Colombia

Cuba

Puerto Rico

Japan

Nicaragua
11
1978
Details
Italy
Italy

Cuba

United States

South Korea

Japan
11
1980
Details
Japan
Japan

Cuba

South Korea

Japan

United States
12
1982
Details
South Korea
South Korea

South Korea

Japan

United States

Chinese Taipei
10
1984
Details
Cuba
Cuba

Cuba

Chinese Taipei

United States

Japan
13
1986
Details
Netherlands
Netherlands

Cuba

South Korea

Chinese Taipei

United States
12
Baseball World Cup
1988
Details
Italy
Italy

Cuba

United States

Chinese Taipei

Japan
12
1990
Details
Canada
Canada

Cuba

Nicaragua

South Korea

Puerto Rico
12
1994
Details
Nicaragua
Nicaragua

Cuba

South Korea

Japan

Nicaragua
16
1998
Details
Italy
Italy

Cuba

South Korea

Nicaragua

Italy
16
2001
Details
Taiwan
Taiwan

Cuba

United States

Chinese Taipei

Japan
16
2003
Details
Cuba
Cuba

Cuba

Panama

Japan

Chinese Taipei
16
2005
Details
Netherlands
Netherlands

Cuba

South Korea

Panama

Netherlands
18
2007
Details
Taiwan
Taiwan

United States

Cuba

Japan

Netherlands
16
2009
Details
Italy
Italy

United States

Cuba

Canada

Puerto Rico
22
2011
Details
Panama
Panama

Netherlands

Cuba

Canada

United States
16

Medal table

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Cuba won its first world championship in 1939
Rank Country Gold Silver Bronze Total
1  Cuba 25 4 2 31
2  United States 4 7 4 15
3  Venezuela 3 2 4 9
4  Colombia 2 2 2 6
5  South Korea 1 5 2 8
6  Puerto Rico 1 4 4 9
7  Dominican Republic 1 3 2 6
8  Great Britain 1 0 0 1
8  Netherlands 1 0 0 1
10  Nicaragua 0 5 5 10
11  Mexico 0 4 1 5
12  Japan 0 1 5 6
13  Chinese Taipei 0 1 3 4
14  Panama 0 1 2 3
15  Canada 0 0 2 2
Total 39 39 38 116

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ The John Moores Trophy does reflect two tournaments in 1950 and 1956, won by the United States and Hawaii, respectively, but these were not Amateur World Series.[11]

References

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  1. ^ "IBAF World Ranking Notes" (PDF). International Baseball Federation. 13 January 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 May 2019. Retrieved 23 June 2009.
  2. ^ "Singapore 2005: 2012 Olympic Sport Vote". International Olympic Committee. 11 July 2005. Retrieved 23 July 2009.
  3. ^ "Premier12 2019 Official Program - Page 6" (PDF). WBSC. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 November 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  4. ^ The Congress approved a new format of International tournaments
  5. ^ Guthrie-Shimizu, Sayuri (2012). Transpacific Field of Dreams: How Baseball Linked the United States and Japan in Peace and War. University of North Carolina Press. p. 171. ISBN 9780807882665.
  6. ^ Leslie Mann (1940). Baseball Around the World. International Amateur Baseball Federation. pp. 19–26.
  7. ^ "WBSC Headquarters: After decades of relocations, Switzerland is now the permanent home of international baseball". WBSC.org. World Baseball Softball Confederation.
  8. ^ Mann, p. 26
  9. ^ "Amateur World Series". WBSC.org. World Baseball Softball Confederation.
  10. ^ Leslie Mann (1940). Baseball Around the World. International Amateur Baseball Federation.
  11. ^ a b "Lot #52: THE JOHN MOORES TROPHY (1938)". SCP Auctions. Retrieved 5 March 2024.
  12. ^ "THE HISTORY OF IBAF". Sporting Scribe. Retrieved 5 March 2024.
  13. ^ Riccardo Schiroli (2019). The Game We Love. World Baseball Softball Confederation. p. 30.
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