Thomas Huckle Weller

Thomas Huckle Weller
Born	(1915-06-15)June 15, 1915 Ann Arbor, Michigan
Died	August 23, 2008(2008-08-23) (aged 93) Needham, Massachusetts
Nationality	American
Alma mater	University of Michigan, Harvard Medical School
Known for	poliomyelitis viruses
Awards	E. Mead Johnson Award (1953) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1954) Walter Reed Medal (1996)
Scientific career
Fields	virology

Thomas Huckle Weller (June 15, 1915 – August 23, 2008) was an American virologist. He, John Franklin Enders and Frederick Chapman Robbins were awarded a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1954 for showing how to cultivate poliomyelitis viruses in a test tube, using a combination of human embryonic skin and muscle tissue.

Weller was born and grew up in Ann Arbor, Michigan, and then went to the University of Michigan, where his father Carl Vernon Weller was a professor in the Department of Pathology. At Michigan, he studied medical zoology and received a B.S. and an M.S., with his masters thesis on fish parasites. In 1936, Weller entered Harvard Medical School, and in 1939 began working under John Franklin Enders, with whom he would later (along with Frederick Chapman Robbins) share the Nobel Prize. It was Enders who got Weller involved in researching viruses and tissue-culture techniques for determining infectious disease causes. Weller received his MD in 1940, and went to work at Children's Hospital in Boston. In 1942, during World War II, he entered the Army Medical Corps and was stationed at the Antilles Medical Laboratory in Puerto Rico, earning the rank of Major and heading the facility's Departments of Bacteriology, Virology and Parasitology. After the War, he returned to Children's Hospital in Boston, and it was there in 1947, that he rejoined Enders in the newly created Research Division of Infectious Diseases. After several leading positions, in July 1954, he was appointed Tropical Public Health Department head at the Harvard School of Public Health. Weller also served from 1953 to 1959 as director of the Commission on Parasitic Diseases of the American Armed Forces Epidemiological Board. In 1954 he was awarded the George Ledlie prize in recognition of his research on rubella, polio and cytomegalovirus(CMV) viruses.

In addition to his research on polio, for which he won the Nobel Prize, Weller also contributed to treating schistosomiasis, and Coxsackie viruses. He was also the first to isolate the virus responsible for varicella. In 1996 he was awarded the Walter Reed Medal from the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

In 1945, Weller married Kathleen Fahey, who died in 2011 aged 95. They had two sons and two daughters.

Citations

• Zetterström, Rolf; Lagercrantz, Hugo (2006), "J.F. Enders (1897-1985), T.H. Weller (1915-) and F.C. Robbins (1916-2003): a simplified method for the multiplication of poliomyelitis virus. Dreams of eradicating a terrifying disease.", Acta Paediatr., vol. 95, no. 9 (published Sep 2006), pp. 1026–8, doi:10.1080/08035250600900073, PMID 16938745, S2CID 30811791
• Ligon, B Lee (2002), "Thomas Huckle Weller MD: Nobel Laureate and research pioneer in poliomyelitis, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, rubella, and other infectious diseases.", Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases, vol. 13, no. 1 (published Jan 2002), pp. 55–63, doi:10.1053/spid.2002.31314, PMID 12118846
• Kyle, R A; Shampo, M A (1997), "Thomas Huckle Weller and the successful culture of poliovirus.", Mayo Clin. Proc., vol. 72, no. 5 (published May 1997), p. 422, doi:10.1016/s0025-6196(11)64860-x, PMID 9146683
• Bendiner, E (1982), "Enders, Weller, and Robbins: the trio that 'fished in troubled waters'.", Hosp. Pract. (Off. Ed.), vol. 17, no. 1 (published Jan 1982), pp. 163, 169, 174–5 passim, doi:10.1080/21548331.1982.11698030, PMID 6295913
• Sulek, K (1968), "[Nobel prizes for John F. Enders, Frederick Ch, Robbins and Thomas H. Weller in 1954 for discovery of the possibility of growing poliomyelitis virus on various tissue media]", Wiad. Lek., vol. 21, no. 24 (published Dec 15, 1968), pp. 2301–3, PMID 4303387

External links

• Thomas H. Weller on Nobelprize.org including the Nobel Lecture, December 11, 1954 The Cultivation of the Poliomyelitis Viruses in Tissue Culture
• Thomas Huckle Weller papers, 1896-2007 (inclusive), 1940-1990 (bulk). H MS c357. Harvard Medical Library, Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine, Boston, Mass.